烟草在线据《哥伦比亚广播公司金钱观察》报道编译　　据来自美国联邦贸易委员会的最新数据显示，近年来，美国顶级烟草公司在卷烟和无烟烟草产品广告和促销方面花费的资金更少。

　　9月21日周五公布的数据显示，据可获得的最新数据，与上一年同期相比，2010年卷烟营销减少幅度超过了5%，降至80.5亿美元。与此同时，同期卷烟销量减少了约3%，降至2816亿支。

　　在过去多年中，卷烟制造商支付的大部分资金，约81%，即64.9亿美元，用于支付给零售商和批发商用于提供价格折扣，以降低出售给消费者的价格，因为在2010年每包卷烟的平均价格继续增至5.73美元。在2009年，由于烟草产品联邦税收大幅增加，加上各州提高税收，烟草产品的价格上涨。

　　2009年，美国食品和药物管理局还被授权监管烟草业，包括进一步的市场限制，其中包括禁止烟草公司赞助体育、社会和文化活动或提供免费的样品或品牌商品。其他几种烟草营销改变的方式被告到联邦法院。

　　据最新数字显示，无烟烟草产品上的营销花费比2009年的降低了近10%，2010年降至4.442亿美元，而销售额增加了6.5%。在2010年烟草公司花了大约19%，即9500万美元，用于批发商和零售商价格提供价格折扣，以降低向消费者提供的产品价格。烟草公司向还批发商和零售商卖出和送出的卷烟更少了。

　　在2008年，无烟烟草的广告和促销达到了5.479亿美元的历史新高，因为随着增税、禁烟、健康问题和社会无名使卷烟业务的开展更艰难，烟草公司寻求销售增长的卷烟替代品。

　　据疾病控制和预防中心的数据显示，美国烟民的比例自1970年以来大幅下降，从近40%，降至约20%。但是自大约从2004年以来，这种下降已经停滞，在美国，约有4600万美国成年人吸烟。目前尚不清楚为什么情况没有改变，一些专家认为这是因为烟草公司提供卷烟折扣券，以及阻止吸烟或帮助吸烟者戒烟的项目缺乏资金。

　　据最近的联邦数据显示，大约3.5%的美国成年人使用无烟烟草。

　　联邦贸易委员会已经发布了自1967年以来的卷烟营销报告，以及自1987年以来无烟烟草的类似报道。它是从包括：弗吉尼亚州里士满的奥驰亚集团，万宝路烟的生产商菲莫美国公司的母公司；北卡罗来纳州温斯顿塞勒姆的雷诺美国公司；位于北卡罗来纳州格林斯博罗的罗瑞拉德公司(LO)；以及肯塔基州鲍灵格林的英国公司帝国烟草的子公司共同品牌公司的顶级烟草公司那里获得的数据。

US: Tobacco Companies Spending Less on Promotion

　　The nation's top tobacco companies spent less money on advertising and promotion of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products in recent years, according to the latest data from the Federal Trade Commission.

　　Numbers released Friday show cigarette marketing decreased more than 5 percent to $8.05 billion in 2010, the latest year available, compared with a year earlier. Meanwhile, cigarette sales decreased about 3 percent to 281.6 billion cigarettes in the same period.

　　As in years past, much of the money spent by cigarette makers, about 81 percent or $6.49 billion, was for price discounts paid to retailers and wholesalers to reduce the price of cigarettes to consumers as the average price per pack continued to increase to $5.73 in 2010. Rising prices stemmed from a large federal tax increase on tobacco products in 2009, coupled with various state tax increases.

　　In 2009, the Food and Drug Administration also was given authority to regulate the industry, which included further marketing restrictions, including a ban on tobacco companies sponsoring athletic, social and cultural events or offering free samples or branded merchandise. Several other tobacco marketing changes are being challenged in federal court.

　　According to the latest numbers, money spent on marketing smokeless tobacco products decreased nearly 10 percent to $444.2 million from 2009 to 2010 as sales increased 6.5 percent. Companies spent about 19 percent, or $95 million, on price discounts to wholesalers and retailers in order to reduce prices to consumers in 2010. Tobacco companies also sold or gave away fewer cigarettes to wholesalers and retailers.

　　Smokeless tobacco advertising and promotion had reached an all-time high of $547.9 million in 2008 as tobacco companies look for cigarette alternatives for sales growth as tax hikes, smoking bans, health concerns and social stigma make the cigarette business tougher.

　　The share of Americans who smoke has fallen dramatically since 1970, from nearly 40 percent to about 20 percent, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. But the decline has stalled since about 2004, with about 46 million adults in the U.S. smoking cigarettes. It's unclear why it hasn't budged, but some experts have cited tobacco company discount coupons on cigarettes and lack of funding for programs to discourage smoking or to help smokers quit.

　　According to the most recent federal data, about 3.5 percent of American adults use smokeless tobacco.

　　The Federal Trade Commission has issued reports on cigarette marketing since 1967, and similar reports on smokeless tobacco since 1987. It looks at data from the top tobacco companies including: Richmond, Va.-based Altria Group Inc. (MO), parent company of Marlboro maker Philip Morris USA; Winston-Salem, N.C.-based Reynolds American Inc. (RAI); Lorillard Inc. (LO), based in Greensboro, N.C.; and Commonwealth Brands Inc., the Bowling Green, Ky.-based subsidiary of the British company Imperial Tobacco (ITYBY). Enditem