烟草在线据爱尔兰审查员报道编译　　爱尔兰女性被烟草公司所包围，它们用“优雅”和“女性的”包装针对未来的年轻和老年吸烟者。

　　据爱尔兰癌症协会称，一半的贫困年轻女性是吸烟者，对她们的习惯感到羞耻，但是不能戒掉尼古丁。

　　三分之一的爱尔兰妇女吸烟，该协会称之为“一种传染病”。

　　据健康促进专家称，烟草公司正试图通过使用糖果色包装、白色包装、“女士专用”品牌、低焦油、新的超细产品吸引女性。

　　在诸如爱尔兰等禁止吸烟广告的国家内，需要通过它们的包装出售卷烟的情况更严重。在德国，有针对年轻女性的芒果和莫吉托（译者注：一种鸡尾酒）香味的卷烟。

　　在爱尔兰的研究表明，弱势女性的肺癌发病率为较富裕女性的两倍——大量的肺癌源于吸烟。

　　去年，据披露，在爱尔兰女性中，肺癌已经取代乳腺癌成为主要致死的癌症因素。

　　不过，相对贫穷的妇女的吸烟率，被视为使她们在健康和社会方面处于劣势的另一个因素。

　　卫生部部长助理亚历克斯·怀特公布的该报告，强调了在由爱尔兰癌症协会和爱尔兰国家妇女理事会组织的“妇女和吸烟大会”上的发现。

　　利物浦大学的裘德·罗宾逊博士在研讨会上表示，研究表明“吸烟被视为采取的暂时休息方式，而且是对岌岌可危的压力控制的一个重要的减压产品”。

　　“女性更可能从事兼职或不稳定的工作，更容易感到压力，并且在工作方面权力更少，承担大量与地位较低和低自尊相关的无薪工作，疲惫而且抑郁，”她说。

　　据爱尔兰癌症协会的凯瑟琳·奥米拉称，许多家境不富裕的女性都意识到了这些健康风险，但是把吸烟看做是“一种应对生活紧张和压力的一种方法”。

　　国家妇女委员会呼吁为戒烟计划制订国家标准，为烟草产品推出平装，并发展社区戒烟服务，特别是针对女性的戒烟服务。

Ireland: Tobacco Firms 'Targeting' Women with Elegant, Feminine Packaging

　　Irish women are under siege from tobacco companies who are targeting 'elegant' and 'feminine' packaging at prospective young and old smokers.

　　Half of poor, young women are smokers, and are ashamed of their habit but are not able to quit nicotine, according to the Irish Cancer Society.

　　One in three Irish women smoke, which the society described as "an epidemic".

　　According to health promotion experts, tobacco companies are trying to reel in women by creating candy-coloured packaging, white packaging, 'women-only' brands, low-tar, and new, super-slim products.

　　This need to sell cigarettes via their packaging is more acute in countries where smoking advertising is banned, such as in Ireland. In Germany, there are mango and mojito-flavoured cigarettes aimed at young women.

　　Research in Ireland shows lung cancer rates among disadvantaged women are twice as high as that among better-off women - and the vast bulk of lung cancer stems from smoking.

　　Last year, it was revealed that lung cancer has overtaken breast cancer as the main cause of cancer death among women in Ireland.

　　However, the rates of smoking among poorer women is seen as another factor which puts them at a health and social disadvantage.

　　The report, launched by Alex White, the junior health minister, highlights findings from a conference on women and smoking, which was organised by the Irish Cancer Society and the National Women's Council of Ireland.

　　Dr Jude Robinson from the University of Liverpool told the seminar that research showed "smoking is seen as a means of coping and taking a time-out, and an important de-stresser where control could hang by a thread".

　　"Women are more likely to have part-time or insecure jobs and more likely to suffer from stress, and have less power at work and take on large amounts of unpaid work associated with low-status and low self-esteem, exhaustion, and depression," she said.

　　According to Kathleen O'Meara of the Irish Cancer Society, many less-well-off women are aware of the health risks but see smoking as "a way to cope with the stress and pressures of life".

　　The National Woman's Council is calling for national standards for smoking cessation programmes, the introduction of plain packaging for tobacco products, and the development of community-based quitting services for women, in particular. Enditem