烟草在线据法新社-法新社报道编译　　一个开支监察机构于12月13日周四在一份报告中警告说，法国的戒烟努力已经彻底失败，只有持续提高价格才能抑制该国对Gauloises和Gitanes品牌的热爱。

　　“公众仍大大低估了吸烟的风险，”Didier Migaud说。他是审计政府开支机构法国审计院的第一任院长。

　　“一年有73000人死亡，相当于一天死200人，这是迄今为止在法国可避免死亡的最大原因。”

　　这家监管机构的报告回顾了自1991年首次引入要求酒吧、咖啡馆和餐馆提供无烟区规定以来禁烟措施的影响。

　　禁止在所有封闭公共空间吸烟的更严格的法律，于2007年生效，但并没有达到期望的影响。

　　在2000年和2005年之间，吸烟者的人数从34.7%下降到31.4%，但是到2010年再次上升到33.7%，在女性、年轻的和经济困难的人中，上升趋势最强。

　　Migaud把法国的情况与英国进行对比，结果很不利，在英国，在过去10年中，人们吸烟的比例已从30%降至20%，多亏了旨在帮助人们戒烟和严格执行限制烟草销售，尤其是向未成年人销售的教育项目。

　　“在这里，一个烟草商可能一个世纪接受一次检查，”Migaud说。

　　他还援引政府援助该国的卷烟亭——旨在减少销售额下降对他们冲击的事实，自2004年以来，平均每年花费3亿欧元，是花费在预防措施上费用的三倍。

　　报告总结道，政府应该充分提高价格，以实现消费的持久下降，并应该迫使生产者转向无品牌的包装并禁止烟商公开展示卷烟。

　　与此同时，资源应该转向教育方面，帮助那些想戒烟的人并更好地执行现有的限制烟草销售的措施。

France Told to Hike Prices to Stub out Smoking

　　France's efforts to stub out smoking have been a complete failure, a spending watchdog said Thursday in a damning report that warned only sustained price hikes will curb the country's love affair with Gauloises and Gitanes.

　　"The risks of smoking are still gravely underestimated by the public," said Didier Migaud, the first president of the Cour de Comptes, the body that audits government spending.

　　"With 73,000 deaths a year, the equivalent of 200 a day, it is by far the biggest cause of avoidable death in France."

　　The watchdog's report reviewed the impact of anti-smoking measures since 1991, when legislation was first introduced requiring bars, cafes and restaurants to provide smoke-free areas.

　　A tougher law, banning smoking in all enclosed public spaces, came into force in 2007, but has not had the hoped-for impact.

　　The number of smokers fell from 34.7 percent to 31.4 percent between 2000 and 2005 but rose again to 33.7 percent by 2010, with the upward trend strongest among women, the young and people in economic difficulty.

　　Migaud compared the situation in France unfavourably to Britain, where the percentage of people smoking has fallen from 30 percent to 20 percent in the last decade, thanks to education, programmes designed to help people quit and strict enforcement of restrictions on sales of tobacco, notably to minors.

　　"Here a tobacconist is likely to be subjected to checks once a century," Migaud said.

　　He also lamented the fact that government aid to the nation's cigarette kiosks -- intended to cushion them against falling sales -- had averaged 300 million euros per year since 2004, three times the amount spent on prevention measures.

　　The report concludes that the government should increase prices sufficiently to achieve a lasting fall in consumption, force producers to switch to brand-free packaging and ban cigarettes from public display in tobacconists.

　　At the same time, resources should be shifted towards education, help for people who want to quit and better enforcement of existing restrictions on sales. Enditem